Thiamine (vitamin B1) is an essential vitamin for nerve, muscle and heart function. Deficiency (beriberi) and the severe form (Wernicke encephalopathy) are treated with thiamine injections or tablets.
Also known as: Vitamina B1, Benerva
No documented drug–drug interactions for this medicine.
Thiamine can be taken with or without food; high oral doses are saturable and split, but food does not interfere clinically.
High doses: split throughout the day (site monograph).
Site monograph (thiamine — high oral doses split, saturable absorption).
No documented disease interactions.
No restrictive entry in the Annexes: thiamine is an essential vitamin, needed in larger amounts in pregnancy (increased metabolism) and in alcoholism (Wernicke prophylaxis). At physiological/supplementary doses there is no known fetal risk.
Compatible in all trimesters; supplementation is recommended in at-risk situations (alcoholism, hyperemesis with parenteral route).
No restrictive entry in Annex 2; thiamine passes into milk and is safe at usual doses — compatible.
Prontuário Terapêutico INFARMED — 11.3.1 (Vitamins); Annex 2 l. 43206 (no restriction).
Clinical and educational support tool. The information does not replace a medical prescription or the opinion of a qualified healthcare professional.
Vitamin cofactor of energy metabolism; deficiency installs within weeks and manifests in the nervous system and heart — early replacement is urgent and highly effective.
In its active form (thiamine pyrophosphate, TPP) it is coenzyme of three key complexes: pyruvate dehydrogenase (glycolysis → acetyl-CoA), α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (Krebs cycle) and transketolase (pentose pathway); deficiency blocks neuronal glucose metabolism, causing symmetric injury of periventricular structures (Wernicke) and peripheral vasodilation with high-output heart failure (wet beriberi).
Oral: high-affinity saturable transporters (THTR1/2) — ~50% absorption at physiological doses but < 10% at single high doses (split the dose); IM/IV: 100% (reserved for emergency). Hepatic biotransformation to TPP.
Tissue phosphorylation to TPP (thiamine kinase, ATP-consuming); plasma dephosphorylation by ectonucleotidases; renal excretion of excess (pyruvate metabolites and free thiamine) — no accumulation toxicity. Furosemide and alcohol increase renal excretion.
10–20 days (tissue TPP); plasma 1–2 h after IV — clinical efficacy depends on enzyme store replenishment, not serum level.
Medicines from the same therapeutic group (ATC classification) or the same pharmacological class.
